English: A superhabitable planet is a theoretical type of exoplanet or exomoon that could provide more suitable conditions for the emergence and evolution of life compared to Earth. The concept was introduced by René Heller and John Armstrong in 2014 as a response to the limitations of the habitable zone concept. The authors argue that a planet's position within its host star's habitable zone is insufficient to determine its potential habitability. They propose that factors such as a denser atmosphere, largersize, and different star types could contribute to creating environments more conducive to life.Heller and Armstrong emphasize that the habitability of rocky planets extends beyond the stellar habitable zone. They suggest that tidal heating could make terrestrial or icy worlds habitable beyond this zone, as seen in the case of Jupiter's moon Europa. The authors advocate for a biocentric approach to identifying habitable planets, using characteristics like stellar type, mass, and planetary system location.According to their proposal, superhabitable planets would likely be larger, warmer, and older than Earth, orbiting stars like K-type main-sequence stars. These stars emit less ultraviolet radiation and are more stable on the main sequence, allowing for longer periods of potential life emergence and evolution.Heller and Armstrong define certain characteristics for a planet to be considered superhabitable, including a larger size (around 2 Earth masses with 1.3 Earth radii), a denser atmosphere, and a higher concentration of oxygen and greenhouse gases, resulting in an average temperature of about 25°C (77°F). They suggest that such conditions could lead to more diverse flora and fauna, particularly in shallow ocean waters.Star type plays a crucial role in superhabitability, with K-type and low-luminosity G-type stars being favorable due to their longer lifetimes and lower ultraviolet radiation emissions. The authors highlight the potential benefits of superhabitable planets having more complex terrains, larger liquid water surfaces, and shallower oceans, fostering diverse aquatic species.Superhabitable planets may display differences in appearance compared to Earth, potentially due to their denser atmospheres and increased air density. Plant life might have distinct colors and cover more of the planet's surface. A warmer, more stable climate with homogenous land distribution could promote extensive life growth.