„Vicksburgi hadjárat” változatai közötti eltérés

This1863 wasnyarán theez seconda majorvereség blowmindössze toegy thenap Confederacyeltéréssel inkövetett theegy summermásodik ofnagy 1863csapást. On JulyJúlius 3, Gen.-án [[Robert E. Lee]]'s invasiontábornagy of[[Pennsylvaniai thehadjárat|pennsylvaniai Northoffenzívája]] collapsed ata [[BattleGettysburgi of Gettysburg|Gettysburgcsata]] harmadik napjának katasztrófával felérő sikertelen támadásával kudarcba fulladt. <!---On July 4, the [[Flag of the United States|Stars and Stripes]] rose over Vicksburg. To the Confederates, surrendering on [[Independence Day (US)|Independence Day]] was a bitter defeat. Union troops behaved well, mixing with Confederates and giving rations to starving soldiers. Speculators who had been hoarding food for higher prices saw their stores broken open and the contents thrown on the streets for the starving rebels. In his ''Personal Memoirs'', Grant observed, "The men of the two armies fraternized as if they had been fighting for the same cause."<ref>{{refhely|Grant, chapter |XXXVIII. fejezet, p38. 38o.</ref>}} But resentments lingered: allegedly tradition holds that the [[Fourth of July]] holiday was not celebrated by Vicksburg until [[World War II]].{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} This claim has been challenged because large Fourth of July celebrations were being held by 1907.<ref>{{cite bookrefhely|last=Waldrep|first=Christopher|title=Vicksburg's247. Long Shadow: The Civil War Legacy Of Race And Remembrance|year=2005|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-0742548688|url=https://bookso.google.com/books?id=esDgeo7QYJEC&pg=PA247&dq=vicksburg+++celebrate+4th+of+July+newspapers&hl=en&sa=X&ei=QH4OUdOBNsyb1AW4rYGQCQ&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=vicksburg%20%20%20celebrate%204th%20of%20July%20newspapers&f=false|page=247}}</ref><ref>Historian Michael G. Ballard, in his ''Vicksburg'' campaign history, pp. 420-21, claims that this story has little foundation in fact. Although it is unknown whether city officials sanctioned the day as a local holiday, Southern observances of July 4 were for many years characterized more by family picnics than by formal city or county activities.</ref>