Szerkesztő:Jzana/Alkohol (adatlap) en kérésre visszaállított
Fordításra előkészítve:
This page provides supplementary chemical data on ethanol. Except where noted otherwise, data relate to standard ambient temperature and pressure.
Material Safety Data Sheet szerkesztés
The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source and follow its directions.
- Anhydrous Ethanol MSDS from Fisher Scientific at http://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/89308.htm
Structure and properties szerkesztés
Structure and properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Index of refraction, n25 | 1.361 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dielectric constant, εr | 24.3 ε0 at 25 °C | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bond strength | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bond length | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bond angle | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Magnetic susceptibility[1] | 5.8·10−7 (cgs units, volume) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Surface tension | 22.39 dyn/cm at 25°C | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Viscosity[2] |
|
Thermodynamic properties szerkesztés
Phase behavior | |
---|---|
Triple point | 150 K (−123 °C), 0.00043 Pa |
Critical point | 514 K (241 °C), 63 bar |
Std enthalpy change of fusion, ΔfusH |
+4.9 kJ/mol |
Std entropy change of fusion, ΔfusS |
+31 J/(mol·K) |
Std enthalpy change of vaporization, ΔvapH |
+38.56 kJ/mol |
Std entropy change of vaporization, ΔvapS |
109.67 J/(mol·K) |
Molal freezing point constant | –1.99 °C kg/mol |
Molal boiling point constant | 1.19 °C kg/mol |
Solid properties | |
Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH |
–277.7 kJ/mol |
Standard molar entropy, S |
160.7 J/(mol K)[3] |
Heat capacity, cp | 111.46 J/(mol K) [3] |
Liquid properties | |
Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH |
−277.38 kJ/mol |
Standard molar entropy, S |
159.9 J/(mol K) |
Enthalpy of combustion, ΔcH |
–1370.7 kJ/mol |
Heat capacity, cp | 112.4 J/(mol K) |
Gas properties | |
Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH |
−235.3 kJ/mol |
Standard molar entropy, S |
283 J/(mol K) |
Heat capacity,[4][5] cp | 78.28 J/(mol K) at 90°C 87.53 J/(mol K) at 110-220°C |
Heat capacity ratio,[4][5] γ = cp/cv |
1.13 at 90°C |
van der Waals' constants[6] | a = 1217.9 L2 kPa/mol2 b = 0.08407 liter per mole |
Spectral data szerkesztés
UV-Vis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
λmax | ? nm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Extinction coefficient, ε | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
IR | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Major absorption bands[7] |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
NMR | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Proton NMR | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Carbon-13 NMR | http://riodb01.ibase.aist.go.jp/sdbs/cgi-bin/IMG.cgi?fname=CDS00245&imgdir=cdsW; | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other NMR data | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Masses of main fragments |
Vapor pressure of liquid szerkesztés
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Density of ethanol at various temperatures (kg/l or g/cc) szerkesztés
Data obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed.
3°C | 0.80374 | 16°C | 0.79283 | 29°C | 0.78182 |
4°C | 0.80290 | 17°C | 0.79198 | 30°C | 0.78097 |
5°C | 0.80207 | 18°C | 0.79114 | 31°C | 0.78012 |
6°C | 0.80123 | 19°C | 0.79029 | 32°C | 0.77927 |
7°C | 0.80039 | 20°C | 0.78945 | 33°C | 0.77841 |
8°C | 0.79956 | 21°C | 0.78860 | 34°C | 0.77756 |
9°C | 0.79872 | 22°C | 0.78775 | 35°C | 0.77671 |
10°C | 0.79788 | 23°C | 0.78691 | 36°C | 0.77585 |
11°C | 0.79704 | 24°C | 0.78606 | 37°C | 0.77500 |
12°C | 0.79620 | 25°C | 0.78522 | 38°C | 0.77414 |
39°C | 0.77329 | 40°C | 0.77244 |
These data correlate as Density(g/cc) = -8.461834E-4 T(°C) + 0.8063372 with an R2 coefficient of determination of 0.99999.
Properties of aqueous ethanol solutions szerkesztés
Data obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. The annotation, d a°C/b°C, indicates density of solution at temperature a divided by density of pure water at temperature b.
% wt ethanol |
% vol ethanol |
grams ethanol per 100 cc 15.56°C |
d 10°C/4°C | d 20°C/4°C | d 25°C/4°C | d 30°C/4°C | d 20°C/20°C | d 25°C/25°C | freezing temp. |
0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.99973 | 0.99823 | 0.99708 | 0.99568 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0°C |
1.0 | 0.99785 | 0.99636 | 0.99520 | 0.99379 | 0.99813 | 0.99811 | |||
2.0 | 0.99602 | 0.99453 | 0.99336 | 0.99194 | 0.99629 | 0.99627 | |||
2.5 | 3.13 | 0.99363 | –1°C | ||||||
3.0 | 0.99426 | 0.99275 | 0.99157 | 0.99014 | 0.99451 | 0.99447 | |||
4.0 | 5.00 | 3.97 | 0.99258 | 0.99103 | 0.98984 | 0.98839 | 0.99279 | 0.99274 | |
4.8 | 6.00 | 4.76 | 0.98971 | –2°C | |||||
5.0 | 0.99098 | 0.98938 | 0.98817 | 0.98670 | 0.99113 | 0.99106 | |||
5.05 | 6.30 | 5.00 | 0.98930 | ||||||
6.0 | 0.98946 | 0.98780 | 0.98656 | 0.98507 | 0.98955 | 0.98945 | |||
6.8 | 8.47 | 0.98658 | –3°C | ||||||
7.0 | 0.98801 | 0.98627 | 0.98500 | 0.98347 | 0.98802 | 0.98788 | |||
8.0 | 0.98660 | 0.98478 | 0.98346 | 0.98189 | 0.98653 | 0.98634 | |||
9.0 | 0.98524 | 0.98331 | 0.98193 | 0.98031 | 0.98505 | 0.98481 | |||
10.0 | 12.40 | 9.84 | 0.98393 | 0.98187 | 0.98043 | 0.97575 | 0.98361 | 0.98330 | |
11.0 | 0.98267 | 0.98047 | 0.97897 | 0.97723 | 0.98221 | 0.98184 | |||
11.3 | 14.0 | 11.11 | 0.98006 | –5°C | |||||
12.0 | 0.98145 | 0.97910 | 0.97753 | 0.97573 | 0.98084 | 0.98039 | |||
13.0 | 0.98026 | 0.97775 | 0.97611 | 0.97424 | 0.97948 | 0.97897 | |||
13.78 | 17.00 | 13.49 | –6.1°C | ||||||
14.0 | 0.97911 | 0.97643 | 0.97472 | 0.97278 | 0.97816 | 0.97757 | |||
15.0 | 0.97800 | 0.97514 | 0.97334 | 0.97133 | 0.97687 | 0.97619 | |||
15.02 | 18.50 | 14.68 | 0.97511 | ||||||
16.0 | 0.97692 | 0.97387 | 0.97199 | 0.96990 | 0.97560 | 0.97484 | |||
16.4 | 20.2 | 0.97336 | –7.5°C | ||||||
17.0 | 0.97583 | 0.97259 | 0.97062 | 0.96844 | 0.97431 | 0.97346 | |||
17.5 | 21.5 | 0.97194 | –8.7°C | ||||||
18.0 | 22.10 | 17.54 | 0.97473 | 0.97129 | 0.96923 | 0.96697 | 0.97301 | 0.97207 | |
18.8 | 23.1 | 0.97024 | –9.4°C | ||||||
19.0 | 0.97363 | 0.96997 | 0.96782 | 0.96547 | 0.97169 | 0.97065 | |||
20.0 | 0.97252 | 0.96864 | 0.96639 | 0.96395 | 0.97036 | 0.96922 | |||
20.01 | 24.50 | 19.44 | 0.96863 | ||||||
20.3 | 24.8 | 0.96823 | –10.6°C | ||||||
21.0 | 0.97139 | 0.96729 | 0.96495 | 0.96242 | 0.96901 | 0.96778 | |||
22.0 | 0.97024 | 0.96592 | 0.96348 | 0.96087 | 0.96763 | 0.96630 | |||
22.11 | 27.00 | 21.43 | 0.96578 | –12.2°C | |||||
23.0 | 0.96907 | 0.96453 | 0.96199 | 0.95929 | 0.96624 | 0.96481 | |||
24.0 | 0.96787 | 0.96312 | 0.96048 | 0.95769 | 0.96483 | 0.96329 | |||
24.2 | 29.5 | 0.96283 | –14.0°C | ||||||
25.0 | 30.40 | 24.12 | 0.96665 | 0.96168 | 0.95895 | 0.95607 | 0.96339 | 0.96176 | |
26.0 | 0.96539 | 0.96020 | 0.95738 | 0.95422 | 0.96190 | 0.96018 | |||
26.7 | 32.4 | 0.95914 | –16.0°C | ||||||
27.0 | 0.96406 | 0.95867 | 0.95576 | 0.95272 | 0.96037 | 0.95856 | |||
28.0 | 33.90 | 26.90 | 0.96268 | 0.95710 | 0.95410 | 0.95098 | 0.95880 | 0.95689 | |
29.0 | 0.96125 | 0.95548 | 0.95241 | 0.94922 | 0.95717 | 0.95520 | |||
29.9 | 36.1 | 0.95400 | –18.9°C | ||||||
30.0 | 36.20 | 28.73 | 0.95977 | 0.95382 | 0.95067 | 0.94741 | 0.95551 | 0.95345 | |
31.0 | 0.95823 | 0.95212 | 0.94890 | 0.94557 | 0.95381 | 0.95168 | |||
32.0 | 0.95665 | 0.95038 | 0.94709 | 0.94370 | 0.95207 | 0.94986 | |||
33.0 | 0.95502 | 0.94860 | 0.94525 | 0.94180 | 0.95028 | 0.94802 | |||
33.8 | 40.5 | 0.94715 | –23.6°C | ||||||
34.0 | 0.95334 | 0.94679 | 0.94337 | 0.93986 | 0.94847 | 0.94613 | |||
35.0 | 0.95162 | 0.94494 | 0.94146 | 0.93790 | 0.94662 | 0.94422 | |||
35.04 | 41.90 | 33.25 | 0.94486 | ||||||
36.0 | 0.94986 | 0.94306 | 0.93952 | 0.93591 | 0.94473 | 0.94227 | |||
37.0 | 0.94805 | 0.94114 | 0.93756 | 0.93390 | 0.94281 | 0.94031 | |||
38.0 | 0.94620 | 0.93919 | 0.93556 | 0.93186 | 0.94086 | 0.93830 | |||
39.0 | 46.3 | 0.94431 | 0.93720 | 0.93353 | 0.92979 | 0.93886 | 0.93626 | –28.7°C | |
40.0 | 0.94238 | 0.93518 | 0.93148 | 0.92770 | 0.93684 | 0.93421 | |||
40.04 | 47.40 | 37.61 | 0.93510 | ||||||
41.0 | 0.94042 | 0.93314 | 0.92940 | 0.92558 | 0.93479 | 0.93212 | |||
42.0 | 0.93842 | 0.93107 | 0.92729 | 0.92344 | 0.93272 | 0.93001 | |||
43.0 | 0.93639 | 0.92897 | 0.92516 | 0.92128 | 0.93062 | 0.92787 | |||
44.0 | 0.93433 | 0.92685 | 0.92301 | 0.91910 | 0.92849 | 0.92571 | |||
45.0 | 0.93226 | 0.92472 | 0.92085 | 0.91692 | 0.92636 | 0.92355 | |||
45.31 | 53.00 | 42.07 | 0.92406 | ||||||
46.0 | 0.93017 | 0.92257 | 0.91868 | 0.91472 | 0.92421 | 0.92137 | |||
46.3 | 53.8 | 0.92193 | –33.9°C | ||||||
47.0 | 0.92806 | 0.92041 | 0.91649 | 0.91250 | 0.92204 | 0.91917 | |||
48.0 | 0.92593 | 0.91823 | 0.91429 | 0.91028 | 0.91986 | 0.91697 | |||
49.0 | 0.92379 | 0.91604 | 0.91208 | 0.90805 | 0.91766 | 0.91475 | |||
50.0 | 0.92162 | 0.91384 | 0.90985 | 0.90580 | 0.91546 | 0.91251 | |||
50.16 | 58.0 | 46.04 | 0.91349 | ||||||
51.0 | 0.91943 | 0.91160 | 0.90760 | 0.90353 | 0.91322 | 0.91026 | |||
52.0 | 0.91723 | 0.90936 | 0.90524 | 0.90125 | 0.91097 | 0.90799 | |||
53.0 | 0.91502 | 0.90711 | 0.90307 | 0.89896 | 0.90872 | 0.90571 | |||
54.0 | 0.91279 | 0.90485 | 0.90079 | 0.89667 | 0.90645 | 0.90343 | |||
55.0 | 0.91055 | 0.90258 | 0.89850 | 0.89437 | 0.90418 | 0.90113 | |||
55.16 | 63.0 | 50.00 | 0.90220 | ||||||
56.0 | 0.90831 | 0.90031 | 0.89621 | 0.89206 | 0.90191 | 0.89833 | |||
56.1 | 63.6 | 0.90008 | –41.0°C | ||||||
57.0 | 0.90607 | 0.89803 | 0.89392 | 0.88975 | 0.89962 | 0.89654 | |||
58.0 | 0.90381 | 0.89574 | 0.89162 | 0.88744 | 0.89733 | 0.89423 | |||
59.0 | 0.90154 | 0.89344 | 0.88931 | 0.88512 | 0.89502 | 0.89191 | |||
60.0 | 0.89927 | 0.89113 | 0.88699 | 0.88278 | 0.89271 | 0.88959 | |||
60.33 | 68.0 | 53.98 | 0.89038 | ||||||
61.0 | 0.89898 | 0.88882 | 0.88466 | 0.88044 | 0.89040 | 0.88725 | |||
62.0 | 0.89468 | 0.88650 | 0.88233 | 0.87809 | 0.88807 | 0.88491 | |||
63.0 | 0.89237 | 0.88417 | 0.87998 | 0.87574 | 0.88574 | 0.88256 | |||
64.0 | 0.89006 | 0.88183 | 0.87763 | 0.87337 | 0.88339 | 0.88020 | |||
65.0 | 0.88774 | 0.87948 | 0.87527 | 0.87100 | 0.88104 | 0.87783 | |||
66.0 | 0.88541 | 0.87713 | 0.87291 | 0.86863 | 0.87869 | 0.87547 | |||
67.0 | 0.88308 | 0.87477 | 0.87054 | 0.86625 | 0.87632 | 0.87309 | |||
68.0 | 0.88071 | 0.87241 | 0.86817 | 0.86387 | 0.87396 | 0.87071 | |||
69.0 | 0.87839 | 0.87004 | 0.86579 | 0.86148 | 0.87158 | 0.86833 | |||
70.0 | 0.87602 | 0.86766 | 0.86340 | 0.85908 | 0.86920 | 0.86593 | |||
71.0 | 0.87365 | 0.86527 | 0.86100 | 0.85667 | 0.86680 | 0.86352 | |||
71.9 | 78.3 | 0.86311 | –51.3°C | ||||||
72.0 | 0.87127 | 0.86287 | 0.85859 | 0.85426 | 0.86440 | 0.86110 | |||
73.0 | 0.86888 | 0.86047 | 0.85618 | 0.85184 | 0.86200 | 0.85869 | |||
74.0 | 0.86648 | 0.85806 | 0.85376 | 0.84941 | 0.85958 | 0.85626 | |||
75.0 | 0.86408 | 0.85564 | 0.85135 | 0.84698 | 0.85716 | 0.85383 | |||
76.0 | 0.86168 | 0.85322 | 0.84891 | 0.84455 | 0.85473 | 0.85140 | |||
77.0 | 0.85927 | 0.85079 | 0.84647 | 0.84211 | 0.85230 | 0.84895 | |||
78.0 | 0.85685 | 0.84835 | 0.84403 | 0.83966 | 0.84985 | 0.84650 | |||
79.0 | 0.85422 | 0.84590 | 0.84158 | 0.83720 | 0.84740 | 0.84404 | |||
80.0 | 0.85197 | 0.84344 | 0.83911 | 0.83473 | 0.84494 | 0.84157 | |||
81.0 | 0.84950 | 0.84096 | 0.83664 | 0.83224 | 0.84245 | 0.83909 | |||
82.0 | 0.84702 | 0.83848 | 0.83415 | 0.82974 | 0.83997 | 0.83659 | |||
83.0 | 0.84453 | 0.83599 | 0.83164 | 0.82724 | 0.83747 | 0.83408 | |||
84.0 | 0.84203 | 0.83348 | 0.82913 | 0.82473 | 0.83496 | 0.83156 | |||
85.0 | 0.83951 | 0.83095 | 0.82660 | 0.82220 | 0.83242 | 0.82902 | |||
86.0 | 0.83697 | 0.82840 | 0.82405 | 0.81965 | 0.82987 | 0.82646 | |||
87.0 | 0.83441 | 0.82554 | 0.82148 | 0.81708 | 0.82729 | 0.82389 | |||
88.0 | 0.83181 | 0.82323 | 0.81888 | 0.81448 | 0.82469 | 0.82128 | |||
89.0 | 0.82919 | 0.82062 | 0.81626 | 0.81186 | 0.82207 | 0.81865 | |||
90.0 | 0.82654 | 0.81797 | 0.81362 | 0.80922 | 0.81942 | 0.81600 | |||
91.00 | 94.00 | 74.62 | 0.82386 | 0.81529 | 0.81094 | 0.80655 | 0.81674 | 0.81331 | |
92.0 | 0.82114 | 0.81257 | 0.80823 | 0.80384 | 0.81401 | 0.81060 | |||
93.0 | 0.81839 | 0.80983 | 0.80549 | 0.80111 | 0.81127 | 0.80785 | |||
94.0 | 0.81561 | 0.80705 | 0.80272 | 0.79835 | 0.80848 | 0.80507 | |||
95.0 | 0.81278 | 0.80424 | 0.79991 | 0.79555 | 0.80567 | 0.80225 | |||
96.0 | 0.80991 | 0.80138 | 0.79706 | 0.79271 | 0.80280 | 0.79939 | |||
97.0 | 0.80698 | 0.79846 | 0.79415 | 0.78981 | 0.79988 | 0.79648 | |||
98.0 | 0.80399 | 0.79547 | 0.79117 | 0.78684 | 0.79688 | 0.79349 | |||
99.0 | 0.80094 | 0.79243 | 0.78814 | 0.78382 | 0.79383 | 0.79045 | |||
100.0 | 100.0 | 79.39 | 0.79784 | 0.78934 | 0.78506 | 0.78075 | 0.79074 | 0.78736 | −114.3 °C |
% wt ethanol |
% vol ethanol |
grams ethanol per 100 cc 15.56°C |
d 10°C/4°C | d 20°C/4°C | d 25°C/4°C | d 30°C/4°C | d 20°C/20°C | d 25°C/25°C | freezing temp. |
Boiling points of aqueous solutions szerkesztés
Data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry 44th ed., p2391
BP °C | Weight % ethanol | BP °C | Weight % ethanol | |||
liquid | vapor | liquid | vapor | |||
78.1 | 95.5‡ | 95.5‡ | ||||
78.2 | 91 | 92 | 86.5 | 18 | 71 | |
78.4 | 85 | 89 | 87.0 | 17 | 70 | |
78.6 | 82 | 88 | 87.5 | 16 | 69 | |
78.8 | 80 | 87 | 88.0 | 15 | 68 | |
79.0 | 78 | 86 | 88.5 | 13 | 67 | |
79.2 | 76 | 85 | 89.0 | 12 | 65 | |
79.4 | 74 | 85 | 89.5 | 11 | 63 | |
79.6 | 72 | 84 | 90.0 | 10 | 61 | |
79.8 | 69 | 84 | 90.5 | 10 | 59 | |
80.0 | 67 | 83 | 91.0 | 9 | 57 | |
80.2 | 64 | 83 | 91.5 | 8 | 55 | |
80.4 | 62 | 82 | 92.0 | 8 | 53 | |
80.6 | 59 | 82 | 92.5 | 7 | 51 | |
80.8 | 56 | 81 | 93.0 | 6 | 49 | |
81.0 | 53 | 81 | 93.5 | 6 | 46 | |
81.2 | 50 | 80 | 94.0 | 5 | 44 | |
81.4 | 47 | 80 | 94.5 | 5 | 42 | |
81.6 | 45 | 80 | 95.0 | 4 | 39 | |
81.8 | 43 | 79 | 95.5 | 4 | 36 | |
82.0 | 41 | 79 | 96.0 | 3 | 33 | |
82.5 | 36 | 78 | 96.5 | 3 | 30 | |
83.0 | 33 | 78 | 97.0 | 2 | 27 | |
83.5 | 30 | 77 | 97.5 | 2 | 23 | |
84.0 | 27 | 77 | 98.0 | 1 | 19 | |
84.5 | 25 | 75 | 98.5 | 1 | 15 | |
85.0 | 23 | 74 | 99.0 | < 1 | 10 | |
85.5 | 21 | 73 | 99.5 | < 1 | 5 | |
86.0 | 20 | 72 | 100.0 | 0 | 0 |
References szerkesztés
- ↑ NMR-002: Sample Devices and Magnetic Susceptibility
- ↑ Pure Component Properties (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. (Hozzáférés: 2007. május 12.)
- ↑ a b Atkins, Peter. Atkins' Physical Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 913–947. o. (2010)
- ↑ a b Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp 1525-1528
- ↑ a b CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. pp 2582-2584
- ↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp 1522-1524
- ↑ Spectral Database for Organic Compounds (Queriable database). Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. (Hozzáférés: 2007. június 9.)