|
==A saolin kolostor védőszentje==
[[ImageFájl:Varjapani magao caves.jpg|bélyegkép|150px|right|VajrapāniVadzsrapáni ata [[Mogao CavesMokao-barlangok]]'s Hiddenrejtett Librarykönyvtárában, [[DunhuangTunhuang]], [[ChinaKína]]., a Powermegszemélyesített andhatalom angerés personifiedharag, 9. Lateszázad 9th centuryvége, [[Tang dynasty-dinasztia]]. Ink and colors on silk.]]CC
In his bookAz ''TheA Shaolinsaolin Monasterykolostor'' (2008), Prof.című könyvében [[Meir Shahar]] notesázsiakutató Vajrapānimegjegyzi, ishogy theVadzsrapáni a kínai [[patronSaolin saintkolostor]] of theegyik [[Shaolin Monasteryvédőszent]]je. ACsang short story appearing in Zhang Zhuo'sCsuo (660-741) Tang anthologyantológiájában showsmegjelenő howegyik therövid deitytörténet hadbemutatja, beenhogy veneratedhogyan ináldoznak thea Monasterykolostorban fromVadzsrapáni atelőtt leastegészen a thenyolcadik eighthszázad centuryóta. ItAz isanekdota anjellegű anecdotaltörténetben storyegy ofsaolin howszerzetes, the Shaolin monk SengchouSzeng-csou (480-560) gainedtermészetfeletti supernaturalerőre strengthés andharctudásra fightingtesz abilityszert byazzal, prayinghogy tonyers thehúst Vajrapānietetnek andvele being force-fedés rawVadzsrapánihoz meatimádkozik.{{refhely|Shahar|pp=35–36}} ShaolinA abbotkolostor Zuduanapátja Cu-tuan (1115–1167) erected a steletiszteletére insírkövet hisemeltetett honorszámára during thea [[Song dynastySzung-dinasztia]] idején.{{refhely|Shahar|p=40}} It reads:
{{quote|Az írás szerint [''[[Lótusz szútra]]''], ez az istenség (Narajana) Avalókitésvara ([[Avalókitésvara|Kuan-jin]]) megtestesülése.{{jegyzet*|Ez a Narajana nem összetévesztendő a hindu Visnu isten valamelyik nevével.}} Ha egy olyan személy, aki együttérzést táplál minden érző lény felé, ezt a bájt használja, az megerősíti a teste erejét (''ceng-csang sen li''). Ez hathatósan beteljesít minden esküt ... Emiatt sokan akadnak, akik tanulmányozzák Narajana szimbolikus kézmozdulatait (''[[mudrá]]''), keresik a varázslatait (''[[mantra]]'') és kutatják szobrait. Ezért emeltük ezt a síremléket, hogy terjesszük a tanításait.{{refhely|Shahar|p=42}}}}
{{quote|According to the scripture [''[[Lotus Sutra]]''], this deity (Narayana) is a manifestation of Avalokitesvara ([[Guanyin]]).<ref>This usage of Narayana is not to be confused with [[Narayana|one of the many]] names of the Hindu god Vishnu.</ref><ref>Instead of being a stand alone Bodhisattva, Shaolin considers him to be an emanation of [[Guanyin]].</ref> If a person who compassionately nourishes all living beings employs this [deity's] charm, it will increase his body's strength (''zengzhang shen li''). It fulfills all vows, being most efficacious. ... Therefore those who study Narayana's hand-symbolism (''mudra''), those who seek his spell (''mantra''), and those who search for his image are numerous. Thus we have erected this stele to spread this transmission.{{refhely|Shahar|p=42}}| Stele re-erected (chong shang) by Shaolin's abbot Zuduan}}
Önálló istenség helyett a saolin hívői úgy tartják, hogy Vadzsrapáni Kuan-jin bodhiszattva megtestesülése. A-tö, kínai tudós szerint ez amiatt van, hogy a ''Lótusz szútra'' alapján Kuan-jin olyan alakot ölt, amellyel a leghatékonyabb módon tudja terjeszteni a Dharmát (tanítást).{{refhely|Shahar|p=85}}
Instead of being considered a stand-alone deity, Shaolin believes Vajrapāni to be an emanation of the Bodhisattva Guanyin. The Chinese scholar A'De noted this was because the ''Lotus Sutra'' says Guanyin takes on the visage of whatever being that would best help pervade the dharma. The exact ''Lotus Sutra'' passage reads: “To those who can be conveyed to deliverance by the body of the spirit who grasps the ''vajra'' (Vajrapāni) he preaches Dharma by displaying the body of the spirit who grasps the ''vajra''.”{{refhely|Shahar|p=85}}
He was historically worshiped as the progenitor of their famous staff method by the monks themselves. A stele erected by Shaolin abbot Wenzai in 1517 shows the deity's vajra-club had by then been changed to a [[Gun (staff)|''gun'' staff]],{{refhely|Shahar|p=84}} which originally "served as the emblem of the monk".{{refhely|Shahar|p=102}} Vajrapāni's [[yaksha]]-like Narayana form was eventually equated with one of the four staff-wielding "[[Kinnara]] Kings" from the ''Lotus Sutra'' in 1575. His name was thus changed from Narayana to "Kinnara King".{{refhely|Shahar|p=87}} One of the many versions of a certain tale regarding his creation of the staff method takes place during the [[Yuan dynasty|Yuan-era]] [[Red Turban Rebellion]]. Bandits lay siege to the monastery, but it is saved by a lowly kitchen worker wielding a long [[fire poker]] as a makeshift staff. He leaps into the oven and emerges as a monstrous giant big enough to stand astride both [[Mount Song]] and the imperial fort atop Mount Shaoshi (which are five miles apart). The bandits flee when they behold this staff-wielding titan. The Shaolin monks later realize that the kitchen worker was none other than the Kinnara King in disguise.{{refhely|Shahar|p=87–88}} Shahar notes the part of the kitchen worker might have been based on the actual life of the monk Huineng (638-713).{{refhely|Shahar|p=87–88}} In addition, he suggests the mythical elements of the tale were based on the fictional adventures of [[Sun Wukong]] from the Chinese epic ''[[Journey to the West]]''. He compares the worker's transformation in the stove with Sun's time in [[Laozi]]'s crucible, their use of the staff, and the fact that Sun and his weapon can both grow to gigantic proportions.{{refhely|Shahar|p=109}}
Statues and paintings of kinnaras were commissioned in various halls throughout Shaolin in honor of his defeat of the Red Turban army. A wicker statue woven by the monks and featured in the center of the "Kinnara Hall" was mentioned in Cheng Zongyou's seventeenth century training manual ''Shaolin Staff Method''. However, a century later, it was claimed that the Kinnara King had himself woven the statue. It was destroyed when the monastery was set aflame by the [[KMT]] General [[Shi Yousan]] in 1928. A "rejuvenated religious cult" arose around kinnaras in the late twentieth century. Shaolin re-erected the shrine to him in 1984 and improved it in 2004.{{refhely|Shahar|p=88}}
==Galéria==
| 