„Hisztiaiosz” változatai közötti eltérés
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1. sor:
'''Hisztiaiosz''' (meghalt: [[i. e. 494]]), Lüszagorasz fia, [[Milétosz]] [[türannosz]]a volt az [[i. e. 6. század]] végén. Hisztiaiosz [[I. Dareiosz]] perzsa nagykirálynak köszönhette [[türannisz]]át, aki alávette Milétoszt és a többi ión várost Kis-Ázsiában.
==A szkíta hadjárat==
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During the expedition Histiaeus had started building a settlement at [[Myrcinus]] (site of the later [[Amphipolis]]) on the [[Strymon]] river. After returning to [[Sardis]] with Darius, Darius asked him what he wanted in return for his service, and Histiaeus responded that he wanted Myrcinus, which he was at first awarded. The Persian commander [[Megabazus]] suspected Histiaeus' interest in the strategically important area, which controlled the roads into [[Europe]], as well as many sources of [[silver]] and [[timber]]. Darius did not believe Histiaeus was disloyal, but asked him to come back to [[Susa]] with him as a friend and advisor. Histiaeus' nephew and son-in-law [[Aristagoras]] was left in control of Miletus.
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==A ión felkelés==
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Histiaeus did not like living in Susa, and made plans to restore his power in Miletus by instigating a [[Ionian Revolt|revolt in Ionia]]. In [[499 BC]], he shaved the head of his most trusted slave, tattooed a message on his head, and then waited for his hair to grow back. The slave was then sent to Aristagoras, who was instructed to shave the slave's head again and read the message, which told him to revolt against the Persians. Aristagoras, who was disliked by his own subjects after an expedition to [[Naxos, Greece|Naxos]] ended in failure, followed Histiaeus' command, and with help from the Athenians, attacked and burned Sardis. According to Herodotus this was the entire cause of the revolt, although this is very unlikely. When Darius learned of the revolt, he sent for Histiaeus, who pretended to have no knowledge of its origins, but asked to be sent back to put it down. Darius was fooled and permitted him to leave.
On his way back, Histiaeus went to Sardis, where the [[satrap]] [[Artaphernes]] also asked him what was the cause of the revolt. Histiaeus again pretended to have no idea, but Artaphernes knew the whole story. Histiaeus was forced to flee to [[Chios]], but attempted to implicate some of the other Persians in Sardis, who were then killed by Artaphernes. Histiaeus tried to build a fleet on Chios, but was unsuccessful, and instead tried to restore himself as tyrant of Miletus. The Miletians did not want a return to tyranny and exiled him to [[Lesbos Island|Lesbos]]. There, he gathered some ships and, according to Herodotus, began committing acts of [[piracy]] in the [[Black Sea]] and the [[Aegean Sea]] from a base in [[Byzantium]]. It is also possible that Darius had simply given him control of the [[Bosporus]] during the revolt.
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==Hisztiaiosz halála==
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Meanwhile, the Persians put down the revolt at the [[Battle of Lade]] in [[494]]. When Histiaeus learned of this he left Byzantium, attacked Chios, and blockaded [[Thasos]], and then attempted to land on the mainland to attack the Persians. After joining a Greek force in battle against the Persians, he was captured by the Persian general [[Harpagus]]. The satrap Artaphernes did not want to send him back to Susa, where he knew Darius would pardon him, so he executed him and sent his [[mummy|mummified]] head to Darius. Darius still did not believe Histiaeus was a traitor and gave his head an honourable burial.
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